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Fernando Miranda y Casellas (1842 – May 9, 1925) was a Spanish-American sculptor, architectural sculptor and illustrator. He was born in Valencia, Spain, the son of an illustrator of the same name, and studied under sculptor José Piquer II. He came to the United States prior to the 1876 Centennial Exposition, and settled in New York City.〔Dreiser, p. 114.〕 For several years he worked as an illustrator for the Spanish-language magazine ''La Ilustración Española y Americana'', and contributed to Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. In 1878, he designed a 30-foot monument honoring Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes to be erected in Central Park.〔"Cervantes. A Monument to be erected in Central Park to the memory of the famed Spanish Writer," ''The New York Herald'', May 18, 1878.〕 The project was eventually abandoned due to lack of funding, but Miranda's ''Bust of Cervantes'' stood in the park for more than a quarter-century. He designed a 100-foot diameter fountain honoring Christopher Columbus to be erected in Central Park along 5th Avenue,〔Néstor Ponce de León, "Columbus Fountain, New York City," ''The Columbus Gallery: The 'Discoverer of the New World' as represented in Portraits, Monuments, Statues, Medals and Paintings'' (1893), pp. 120-21.()〕 but sculptor Gaetano Russo's Columbus Monument already was planned for nearby Columbus Circle. Alternate sites for the fountain were proposed at Battery Park and Harlem, but this project also was abandoned.〔Ana Maria Varela-Lago, ''Conquerors, Immigrants, Exiles: The Spanish Diaspora in the United States'', (Proquest, 2008), p. 63.()〕 Instead of an original work by Miranda, Central Park commissioned a copy of sculptor Jeronimo Suñol's Columbus statue in Madrid, which was dedicated in 1894. Following the Boston Public Library's notorious 1896 rejection of Frederick William MacMonnies's nude sculpture ''Bacchante and Infant Faun'', Miranda prepared a replacement work for the courtyard's fountain. ''The Spirit of Research'' was a sober figure of a gowned woman lifting a veil—a metaphor for education.〔("MacMonnies' 'Bacchante' and Miranda's "Spirit of Research'," ) ''The Inland Printer'', vol. 20, no. 1 (October 1897), pp. 54-56. Scroll up to see photographs of both.〕 It was installed at the center of the fountain in 1898, but removed by the 1920s. A copy of MacMonnies's statue was restored to the fountain in 1993.〔(''Bacchante and Infant Faun'' in the Boston Public Library courtyard ), from Wikimedia Commons.〕 He was a member of the National Sculpture Society,〔(American Art Directory, volume 5 (1905), p. 217. )〕 and served as first president of the American Sculpture Society.〔Janie Villiers-Wardell, ''Spain of the Spanish'', (Charles Scribner's Sons, 1909 ), p. 82.()〕 King Alfonso XIII of Spain made him a Knight in 1890.〔Dreiser, p. 114.〕 ==Selected works== * ''Bust of Ignacio Vergara Gimeno'' (1858), Plaza Temple, Valencia, Spain.〔(Bust of Gimeno. )〕 A posthumous 1965 cast from a student work by Miranda. The bust was stolen in 1996, and a new cast was made in 1999.〔(Public Sculpture in the City of Valencia. )〕 * Cervantes Monument (1878, unexecuted), proposed for Central Park.〔(Engraving of the Cervantes Monument, ) ''La Ilustración Española y Americana,'' January 8, 1879. Courtesy of NYPL Digital Collections.〕 * * ''Bust of Miguel de Cervantes'' (c. 1878), installed in Central Park by 1892, removed after 1918. * ''Bas-relief of Slumber''. * ''Head of Christ''. * Columbus Fountain (c. 1892, unexecuted), proposed for Central Park. * * ''Bust of Columbus'' (c. 1892).〔(Bust of Columbus. )〕 * * ''Sketch of Columbus and the Brothers Pinzon'' (c. 1892).〔("The National Sculpture Society," ) ''Godey's Magazine'', vol. 81, no. 781 (July 1895), p. 78.〕 * Four terra-cotta Angels (1895–96), American Tract Society Building, 150 Nassau Street, New York City, Robert H. Robertson, architect. The 20-foot angels adorn the building's penthouse. They were restored in 2013-14 by Boston Valley Terra Cotta.〔(Restoring Fallen "Angels," ) from Boston Valley ARCH Design Lab.〕 * ''The Spirit of Research'' (1897–98), made for the Boston Public Library. * ''Equestrian statue of George Washington'' (c. 1898, unexecuted) proposed for Newark, New Jersey. * ''Fame'' (1903–04).〔Delancey M. Ellis, ''New York at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, 1904, Report of the New York State Commission,'' (Albany: J. B. Lyon Company, State Printer, 1907), p. 275.()〕 A colossal female figure made for the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. * City Hall Fountain (1906), City Hall Rotunda, Savannah, Georgia.〔(City Hall Fountain ), from SIRIS.〕 * ''The Primitive Marksman'' – ''Indian Shooting at a Soaring Eagle'' (1907), New York Historical Society, New York City.〔(The Primitive Marksman ), from SIRIS.〕〔(The Primitive Marksman ), from Flickr.〕 File:Miranda THE FREED SLAVE 1876.jpg|1876 illustration by Miranda. File:Cervantes Monument for Central Park by Fernando Miranda c.1878.jpg|Unexecuted proposal for the Cervantes Monument in Central Park (1878). File:Bust of Cervantes by Fernando Miranda c.1878.jpg|''Bust of Cervantes'' (c. 1878). File:Amer Tract Society sunny jeh.jpg|American Tract Society Building (1895–96), New York City. Miranda's angels support the globes at the corners of the penthouse. File:Water fountain on street level,horizontal - Savannah City Hall, Bay and Bull Streets, Savannah, Chatham County, GA HABS GA,26-SAV,61-24.tif|City Hall Fountain (1906), Savannah, Georgia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fernando Miranda」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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